Surveillance is part of capable guardianship.
Physical design has the capacity to promote informal or natural surveillance opportunities for residents and their agents. If offenders perceive that they can be observed (even if they are not), they may be less likely to offend, given the increased potential for intervention, apprehension and prosecution.
Different types of surveillance include:
- 'natural surveillance' (e.g. residents; self-surveillance opportunities as facilitated by windows)
- 'formal or organised surveillance' (e.g. police patrols)
- 'mechanical surveillance' (e.g. street lighting and CCTV).
Natural surveillance (e.g. residents; self-surveillance opportunities as facilitated by windows) formal surveillance (e.g. police patrols) and mechanical surveillance strategies (e.g. street lighting and CCTV) have all proven effective in reducing both crime and the fear of crime.
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